From: Baha'i Biographical Notes
'Abdu'l-Hamid II: (1842-1918) Sultan of the Ottoman Turkish
Empire from 1876 to 1909, known as ‘the Great Assassin’. As the result of the
plotting of Mirza Muhammad-‘Ali, in 1901 he restricted ‘Abdu'l-Baha's freedom,
confining Him and His family within the city walls of Akka. He later sent two
commissions of inquiry to investigate false charges made against ‘Abdu'l-Baha
by the Covenant-breakers. Public discontent with his despotic rule and
resentment against European intervention in the Balkans led to the military
revolution of the Young Turks in 1908. 'Abdu'l Hamid was subsequently deposed
in 1909.